France, R., Peters, R. & McCabe, L. 1998: Spatial relationships among boreal riparian trees, litterfall and soil erosion potential with reference to buffer strip management and coldwater fisheries. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 1–9.
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Leht, M. & Paal, J. 1998:Variation of Potentilla erecta (Rosaceae) in Estonia. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 11–19.
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Tamayo, R. G. & Szlachetko, D. L. 1998: A new definition of the genus Tamayorkis (Malaxideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 21–27.
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Sonck, C. E. 1998:Taraxacum montellii, a species belonging to sect. Naevosa, found in Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 29–30.
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Sonck, C. E. 1998: Two new species of Taraxacum from SW Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 31–32.
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Ochyra, R. & Lewis-Smith, R. I. 1998: Antarctic species in the genus Ditrichum (Ditrichaceae, Bryopsida), with a description of D. gemmiferum sp. nov. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 33–53.
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Piippo, S. 1998: Bryophytes from Frieda River, East and West Sepik Provinces, Papua New Guinea. IV. Chiloscyphus koponenii sp. nov. (Geocalycaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 55–57.
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Heidmarsson, S. 1998: Species delimitation in four long-spored species of Dermatocarpon in the Nordic countries. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 59–70.
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Bouaid, K. & Vicente, C. 1998: Chlorophyll degradation effected by lichen substances. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 71–74.
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France, R., Peters, R. & McCabe, L. 1998: Spatial relationships among boreal riparian trees, litterfall and soil erosion potential with reference to buffer strip management and coldwater fisheries. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 1–9.
Litter cover is known to protect ground surfaces from raindrop impact and therefore reduces soil erosion. Significant differences were found to exist in the abundance, composition and size of trees, in their litter production rates, and in the resulting potential for soil erosion of the foreshore (0–20 m from shorelines) compared with the backshore (20–50 m upslope) regions of riparian zones around four boreal lakes located in northwestern Ontario, Canada. These findings support a global pattern wherein litter production adjacent to waterbodies is often considerably reduced compared with that characteristic of upland forests. This study therefore raises questions of the presumed effectiveness of existing forestry guidelines concerning widths of protective buffer strips around boreal, coldwater lakes in Ontario, which are presently based on an erroneous assumption of uniform tree cover and litterfall throughout riparian zones.
Leht, M. & Paal, J. 1998: Variation of Potentilla erecta (Rosaceae) in Estonia. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 11–19.
Infraspecific variation of Estonian Potentilla erecta (L.) Räusch. was studied with different morphometrical methods. Both P. erecta ssp. erecta and ssp. strictissima (Zimm.) A. J. Richards were identified with ssp. strictissima prevailing; however, several specimens are morphologically of an intermediate type. Representatives of the two taxa have no geographical or ecological preference in Estonia, and since it was not possible to statistically delimit them, we preferred to treat these taxa as varieties: P. erecta var. erecta and P. erecta var. strictissima (Zimm.) Hegi.
Tamayo, R. G. & Szlachetko, D. L. 1998: A new definition of the genus Tamayorkis (Malaxideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 21–27.
Tamayorkis Szlach. (Malaxideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) is redefined and three additional species, T. ehrenbergii (Rchb.f.) R. Gonzalez & Szlach., T. hintonii (Todzia) R. Gonzalez & Szlach. and T. wendtii (Salazar) R. Gonzalez & Szlach. are incorporated into it. Tamayorkis is compared with Malaxis Solander ex O. Swartz and Liparis L. C. Richard, to which it is closely related.
Sonck, C. E. 1998:Taraxacum montellii, a species belonging to sect. Naevosa, found in Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 29–30.
In 1916 Justus Montell, a forester in Lapland, found a new species of Taraxacum L. (Cichoriaceae). Later Harald Lindberg named it T. montellii H. Lindb., but failed to give a description. Nearly 80 years later I visited the same locality at Salmijärvi in Muonio parish, where I managed to find a reduced number of the species. It is so far known from only three localities in Finnish Lapland.
Sonck, C. E. 1998: Two new species of Taraxacum from SW Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 31–32.
Two new species, Taraxacum desideratum Sonck and T. sacrificatum Sonck (sect. Vulgaria seu Ruderalia) from Raisio near Turku, SW Finland, are described. Both species have succumbed under a big shipyard.
Ochyra, R. & Lewis-Smith, R. I. 1998: Antarctic species in the genus Ditrichum (Ditrichaceae, Bryopsida), with a description of D. gemmiferum sp. nov. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 33–53.
There are five species in the genus Ditrichum Hampe in the Antarctic: D. heteromallum (Hedw.) Britt., D. conicum (Mont.) Mitt., D. austrogeorgicum (Card.) Seppelt, D. lewis-smithii Ochyra and D. gemmiferum Ochyra & Lewis-Smith. Of these, the first two are newly recorded from the region, whereas the last is described as new to science from material collected from the South Sandwich and South Shetland Islands, as well as from Marion Island in the Subantarctic and southern Chile. The new species is readily recognized by its short, rigid and strongly papillose leaf subulae and the frequent occurrence of small, pale yellowish or pale brownish rhizoidal gemmae. A key to determination of Antarctic species is provided and all species, except for D. lewis-smithii, are fully described and illustrated and their Antarctic and global distributions mapped. Ditrichum brotherusii (R. Br. ter.) Seppelt is excluded from the moss flora of Antarctica since information on its occurrence was based upon misidentification of the specimens. Blindia maxwellii Vitt from Campbell Island is briefly assessed and it is shown that it correctly belongs within Ditrichum as D. maxwellii (Vitt) Ochyra & Lewis-Smith. Lectotype is selected for Pseudodistichium austrogeorgicum Card., and P. austrogeorgicum fo. brevifolium Card. and P. austrogeorgicum var. longifolium Broth. in Card. & Broth. are reduced to synonymy with Ditrichum austrogeorgicum.
Piippo, S. 1998: Bryophytes from Frieda River, East and West Sepik Provinces, Papua New Guinea. IV. Chiloscyphus koponenii sp. nov. (Geocalycaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 55–57.
Chiloscyphus koponenii Piippo, sp. nov., is a tiny, epiphyllous species, with fragmenting, 2-lobed and often toothed leaves, thin-walled cells and small trigones, very shallow and wide underleaves with two lobes and two teeth and numerous rhizoids. The morphology shows similar adaptations to the epiphyllous habitat as is seen in some genera of the Lejeuneaceae. Chiloscyphus teptepensis (Piippo) Piippo is a new combination.
Heidmarsson, S. 1998: Species delimitation in four long-spored species of Dermatocarpon in the Nordic countries. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 59–70.
A group of four long-spored (> 15 µm) species of Dermatocarpon Eschw. is revised. Dermatocarpon bachmannii Anders, D. deminuens Vain., D. meiophyllizum Vain., and D. rivulorum (Arnold) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. are recognized. A key to the species is given and their delimitation discussed. The delimitation of D. bachmannii from D. deminuens was studied in detail by PCA and Student’s t-test of anatomical and morphological characters. The following names are lectotypified: D. bachmannii, D. bachmannii var. inundatum Klem., D. deminuens, D. laatokkaënse Räsänen, D. meiophyllizum, and D. meiophyllum Vain. Dermatocarpon bachmannii is for the first time reported from Finland, Iceland and Norway and D. deminuens and D. meiophyllizum from Iceland.
Bouaid, K. & Vicente, C. 1998: Chlorophyll degradation effected by lichen substances. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 71–74.
Epiphytic lichens can exert some negative actions on trees, since they penetrate to different degrees into several tissues of the phytophore. Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. hyphae progress into xylem vessels of Fagus sylvatica, Quercus pyrenaica and Betula alba. This is on the basis of a mechanism through which lichens inject metabolic inhibitors in the xylem vessels, and, after their translocation in the xylem sap, they reach different organs of the phytophore and produce defoliation. In this report, we have noted that usnic acid is more impermeant than atranorin through the chloroplast membrane of Quercus rotundifolia leaves. On the other hand, we have also noted the degradation of chlorophyll in response to lichen substances.