Dai, Y. C., Wei, Y. L. & Zhang, X. Q. 2004: An annotated checklist of non-poroid Aphyllophorales in China. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 233–247.
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Hájková, P., Wolf, P. & Hájek, M. 2004: Environmental factors and Carpathian spring fen vegetation: the importance of scale and temporal variation. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 249–262.
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Moora, M., Öpik, M. & Zobel, M. 2004: Performance of two Centaurea species in response to different root-associated microbial communities and to alterations in nutrient availability. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 263–271.
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Romo, A., Didukh, Y. & Boratynski, A. 2004: Thesium (Santalaceae) in Crimea, Ukraine. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 273–281.
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Zhu, X. Y. 2004: A revision of the genus Gueldenstaedtia (Fabaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 283–291.
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Deniz, I. G. & Düsen, O. D. 2004: Silene sumbuliana (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from SW Anatolia, Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 293–296.
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Zhao, Y. Z. & Zhao, L. Q. 2004: Gagea chinensis (Liliaceae), a new species from Inner Mongolia, China. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 297–298.
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Behçet, L. & Almanar, S. 2004: Anacyclus anatolicus (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 299–303.
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Nomenclatural novelties in Ann. Bot. Fennici 41(4). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 304.
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Dai, Y. C., Wei, Y. L. & Zhang, X. Q. 2004: An annotated checklist of non-poroid Aphyllophorales in China. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 233–247.

Studies of non-poroid Aphyllophorales in China are briefly reviewed, and an annotated catalogue, based mostly on literature, documents 401 species from the country. Based on our collections, five species, Asterodon ferruginosus, Crustoderma dryinum, Meruliopsis albostraminea, Phanerochaete galactites and Scytinostroma galactinum, are newly recorded from China. A condensed description of these species is included in the catalogue. The host(s) and distribution of each species are given in the list.

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Hájková, P., Wolf, P. & Hájek, M. 2004: Environmental factors and Carpathian spring fen vegetation: the importance of scale and temporal variation. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 249–262.

The importance of scale and temporal variation in measured environmental factors is often underestimated in searching for vegetation–environmental correlations in mires. Since different ecological processes can be dominant at different spatial scales, we compared species distribution patterns along environmental gradients in Carpathian spring fens at two scales: among and within vegetation types. At the large scale, four distinct vegetation types along the poor–rich fen gradient were identified: poor Sphagnum fen, moderate-rich fen, extreme-rich tufa-forming fen and rich fen meadow. The results confirm that environmental factors related to water and soil mineral concentrations determine fen vegetation composition at a large spatial scale. The crucial role of base saturation for large-scale variation in mire vegetation is not always evident at a smaller spatial scale. At a within-vegetation-type scale, we found a clear pattern in water level variation which was significantly related to vegetation composition. Organic matter was detected to be the most important factor for explaining variation in rich-fen meadow vegetation. Further, periodical measurements of water level and physical-chemical properties of water (i.e. pH, conductivity, redox potential, and temperature) permitted the role of their temporal variation among vegetation types along the poor–rich fen gradient to be assessed. Water pH was the most stable variable in all vegetation types, while conductivity was more stable in the rich than in the poor and moderate-rich fens. Water temperature showed the smallest fluctuation in the extreme-rich fen. In poor and moderate-rich fens, water temperature exhibited smaller temporal variation than did conductivity. Poor and moderate-rich fens generally exhibited a lower mean water level as compared with extreme-rich habitats. Independently of vegetation type, water level decline was associated with an increase in conductivity and temperature and a parallel decrease in redox-potential. Water pH remained unchanged during water level fluctuation.

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Moora, M., Öpik, M. & Zobel, M. 2004: Performance of two Centaurea species in response to different root-associated microbial communities and to alterations in nutrient availability. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 263–271.

The perennial forbs Centaurea jacea and C. scabiosa have relatively similar morphological traits, but different distributions and local abundance. Both occur in ruderal sites and in calcareous grasslands, but C. jacea may dominate in calcareous grasslands, while C. scabiosa is a subordinate species. We hypothesised that: (1) C. jacea is dependent on the presence of the root-associated microbial community of a calcareous grassland (CG inoculum), as opposed to the microbial community from a ruderal site (old field inoculum, OF), while C. scabiosa is not; and (2) if there is a positive response of C. jacea to CG inoculum, it will be more evident in oligotrophic soil conditions. In our experiment the two Centaurea species were grown with two different inocula (CG, OF) at three different nutrient levels. CG inoculation considerably increased the leaf number of C. jacea as compared with the OF inoculation. This response was interpreted as an investment into competitive ability in the future. CG inoculum resulted in a significantly higher root biomass in C. scabiosa, while the biomass of C. jacea did not vary among differentially inoculated plants. This was interpreted as an increased allocation to storage in C. scabiosa, to improve performance in stress conditions. Thus, compared with ruderal inoculum (OF), grassland (CG) inoculum enhanced 'competitive behaviour' in C. jacea and 'stress-tolerating behaviour' in C. scabiosa. Both responses were more evident at high nutrient levels. Fertilisation decreased the shoot to root ratio in both species, which may represent an `element of stress-tolerating behaviour', much more common among rhizomatous perennial plants than is usually recognized.

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Romo, A., Didukh, Y. & Boratynski, A. 2004: Thesium (Santalaceae) in Crimea, Ukraine. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 273–281.

A new species of Thesium is described from Crimea, and its affinities to closely related taxa are discussed. Thesium is represented in Crimea by four taxa: T. arvense, T. dollineri subsp. simplex (including T. caespitans), T. brachyphyllum and T. krymense sp. nova. Thesium dollineri subsp. moesiacum is excluded from the flora of Crimea. Thesium procumbens and T. brachyphyllum are closely related taxa, which should be recognized as different species, but only the latter is present in Crimea.

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Zhu, X. Y. 2004: A revision of the genus Gueldenstaedtia (Fabaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 283–291.

This paper provides a taxonomic revision of Gueldenstaedtia (Fabaceae). Four species and one form are recognized. The revision is based on herbarium material and includes pollen and seed morphological observations. I treat the genus as distinct from the closely related Tibetia based on pollen and seed morphology, other morphological characters and chromosome data. A number of names in Gueldenstaedtia are reduced to synonyms. A key to all species of the genus is provided. For each taxon, its description, ecology, phenology, notes and an illustration and distribution map are also provided.

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Deniz, I. G. & Düsen, O. D. 2004: Silene sumbuliana (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from SW Anatolia, Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 293–296.

Silene sumbuliana I.G. Deniz & O.D. Düsen sp. nova (Caryophyllaceae) is described and illustrated from SW Anatolia, Turkey. Diagnostic morphological characters for discrimination from the related S. papillosa Boiss. is given along with their ecological and chorological characteristics and relationship.