ISSN 0003-3847
© Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2001

Contents of Volume 38 Number 4, 2001

Brzosko, E. 2001: Changes in population structure of Carex cespitosa during 10 years of secondary succession in an abandoned meadow in Bialowieza, Poland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 249–258.
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Jørgensen, P. M. 2001: The lichen genus Erioderma (Pannariaceae) in China and Japan. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 259–264.
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Lõhmus, P. & Lõhmus, A. 2001: Snags, and their lichen flora in old Estonian peatland forests. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 265–280.
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Oh, G. S., Chung, M. Y., Chung, S. G. & Chung M. G. 2001: Contrasting breeding systems: Liparis kumokiri and L. makinoana (Orchidaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 281–284.
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Otronen, M. & Rosenlund, H.-M. 2001: Morphological asymmetry and chlorophyll fluorescence in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris): responses to variation in soil moisture, nutrients and defoliation. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 285–294.
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Ranta, P. 2001: Changes in urban lichen diversity after a fall in sulphur dioxide levels in the city of Tampere, SW Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 295–304.
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Ukkola, T., Härkönen, M. & Zeng, Z. 2001: Myxomycetes of Hunan Province, China. I. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 305–328.
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Zhu, R.-L. & Grolle, R. 2001: Notes on the taxonomy and distribution of Acanthocoleus yoshinaganus and Lejeunea papilionacea (Hepaticae, Lejeuneaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 329–336.
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Nomenclatural novelties in Ann. Bot. Fennici 38(4): 338.
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Brzosko, E. 2001: Changes in population structure of Carex cespitosa during 10 years of secondary succession in an abandoned meadow in Bialowieza, Poland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 249–258.

Changes in the structure of a Carex cespitosa population were studied during secondary succession on abandoned meadows near Bialowieza National Park (NE Poland) over a period of ten years (1987–1997). During succession the spatial relations between dominants (C. cespitosa, C. acutiformis, Filipendula ulmaria, and Salix spp.) changed. Carex cespitosa is one of the species playing a major role in the transformation of vegetation on abandoned meadows in Bialowieza. In the initial stage of the terminal phase of succession, which starts with the appearance of willows, the population of C. cespitosa begins to regress. The beginning of regression is manifested by changes in age structure of the population. The size of tussocks (diameter and height) still increased during the study, but the rate of growth was lower in patches dominated by C. acutiformis or willows than in meadows dominated by C. cespitosa.

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Jørgensen, P. M. 2001: The lichen genus Erioderma (Pannariaceae) in China and Japan. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 259–264.

The lichen genus Erioderma is shown to have four species in China and Japan: E. meiocarpum Nyl. (W China), E. rigidum P. M. Jørg., sp. nova (NE China), E. sorediatum P. M. Jørg. & D. Galloway (S Japan) and E. tomentosum Hue (S China and Japan). Erioderma asahinae Zahlbr. is a synonym of the latter. Erioderma meiocarpum is reported as new to Mexico. All names are typified, and the phytogeography is discussed. A key to the species is presented.

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Lõhmus, P. & Lõhmus, A. 2001: Snags, and their lichen flora in old Estonian peatland forests. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 265–280.

In this study, we (1) explored the lichen floras of snags and living trees of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Betula pubescens and Alnus glutinosa in the Estonian peatland forests, distinguishing tree species, snags with bark (S1) and snags without bark (S2); (2) measured the availability and characteristics of snags. On average, 42–64 snags ha–1 were detected, but snag types differed in availability. Although S2 of Betula, Alnus and Picea were the rarest studied substrata, the highest numbers of lichen species were estimated to occur there. The lichen floras of S1 and S2 were distinct, with that of S1 resembling living trees. Tree species influenced the flora of living trees and S1 but not of S2; a similar pattern emerged in substratum acidity. 25% of the lichen species were unique to snags. Forest management activities should retain especially the naturally rare S2 of deciduous trees.

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Oh, G. S., Chung, M. Y., Chung, S. G. & Chung M. G. 2001: Contrasting breeding systems: Liparis kumokiri and L. makinoana (Orchidaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 281–284.

We investigated the breeding systems of Liparis kumokiri and L. makinoana (Orchidaceae) in Korea. Liparis kumokiri is self-compatible, but L. makinoana is self-incompatible. The two Liparis species showed little fruit set in natural conditions (10.2%–12.2% for L. kumokiri and 0.1%–0.2% for L. makinoana). However, a great increase in fruit set was achieved by hand-pollinations. The much lower percentage of fruit set observed in L. makinoana may reflect combined effects of pollinator limitation and self-incompatibility.

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Otronen, M. & Rosenlund, H.-M. 2001: Morphological asymmetry and chlorophyll fluorescence in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris): responses to variation in soil moisture, nutrients and defoliation. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 285–294.

The effects of different levels of watering, nutrients and defoliation on two-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings were examined. Two indicators of stress, chlorophyll fluorescence and morphological asymmetry, were also compared. Reduced watering and low levels of nutrients increased relative biomass and the length of the current year shoot, respectively, while both decreased current year needle biomass. In the defoliation gradient, an extensive defoliation resulted in reduced root biomass. Chlorophyll fluorescence was highest with the highest level of nutrients. In the moisture and defoliation experiments, different parts of the seedlings (current year leader vs. lateral shoot) showed significantly different fluorescence; there was no significant trend along the gradients. Both fluctuating (FA) and directional (DA) asymmetry in needle length increased significantly with increasing nutrient levels. In the defoliation experiment, both FA and DA increased with an increased percentage of defoliation. In the moisture gradient, no significant trend was found. Although the defoliation experiment confirmed that FA and DA correlate with stress intensity, the results on nutrient levels were contradictory: FA and DA increased with nutrient levels while chlorophyll fluorescence indicated no stress.

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Ranta, P. 2001: Changes in urban lichen diversity after a fall in sulphur dioxide levels in the city of Tampere, SW Finland. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 295–304.

As a consequence of air pollution, lichens disappeared from the central part of the city of Tampere. A lichen desert of 5 km2 covered the centre in the beginning of the 1970s. Later the mean annual SO2 concentration decreased from 160 ug/m3 in 1973 to 2 ug/m3 in 1999. The monitoring of lichens on the trunks of Tilia x vulgaris which began in 1980 showed that recolonisation had started slowly but advanced rapidly after 1985. In 2000, the numbers of species in the monitoring sites were over 10 times and cover values nearly 200 times higher than in 1980. The number of species increased linearly, while cover values rose exponentially. In 2000, the reference sites had twice as many lichen species and over three times higher cover than the city sites. Thus, the recovery of the lichen flora and vegetation will take several decades after the virtual elimination of SO2.

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Ukkola, T., Härkönen, M. & Zeng, Z. 2001: Myxomycetes of Hunan Province, China. I. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 305–328.

This work serves as a checklist of the myxomycetes of Hunan Province, China. In addition we report 76 taxa new for Hunan, including the following 13 taxa new to China: Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (F. Muell.) T. Macbr. var. descendens Emoto, Clastoderma microcarpum (Meyl.) Kowalski, Colloderma oculatum (Lippert) G. Lister, Comatricha ellae Härk., Diderma umbilicatum Pers., L. pygmaea (Meyl.) Ing., L. rugosa Nann.-Bremek. & Y. Yamam., Macbrideola argentea Nann.-Bremek. & Y. Yamam., M. scintillans H. C. Gilbert var. scintillans, M. scintillans var. verrucosa (Nann.-Bremek. & Y. Yamam.) Y. Yamam., Paradiacheopsis fimbriata var. penicillata (Nann.-Bremek. & Y. Yamam.) Y. Yamam., P. longipes Hoof & Nann.-Bremek., and Trichia munda (Lister) Meyl. The number of myxomycete species reported from Hunan Province is now 90.

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Zhu, R.-L. & Grolle, R. 2001: Notes on the taxonomy and distribution of Acanthocoleus yoshinaganus and Lejeunea papilionacea (Hepaticae, Lejeuneaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 38: 329–336.

Acanthocoleus yoshinaganus (S. Hatt.) Kruijt, previously known from Japan and Korea, is reported here as a new generic record for the Chinese bryoflora. Both lejeuneoid and pycnolejeuneoid gynoecial innovations occur in A. yoshinaganus. The SE Asian Lejeunea herzogii Mizut. is synonymized with L. papilionacea Steph., which was known from Africa (Cameroun, Comores, Ghana, Madagascar, and Sierra Leone). Detailed descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic notes, and distribution of A. yoshinaganus and L. papilionacea are provided.

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