Garcia-Jacas, N. 1998: Centaurea kunkelii (Asteraceae, Cardueae), a new hybridogenic endecaploid species of sect. Acrocentron from Spain. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 159–167.
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Kukkonen, I. 1998: A nomenclatural correction to Flora Iranica: Cyperaceae. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 169–170.
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García, M. A. 1998: Cuscuta rausii (Convolvulaceae), a new species from Greece. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 171–174.
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Sonck, C. E. 1998: Six new species of Taraxacum from France. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 175–182.
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Chung, M. G. & Noguchi, J. 1998: Geographic spatial autocorrelation of morphological characters of the Hemerocallis middendorffii complex (Liliaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 183–189.
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Jalonen, J., Vanha-Majamaa, I. & Tonteri, T. 1998: Optimal sample and plot size for inventory of field and ground layer vegetation in a mature Myrtillus-type boreal spruce forest. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 191–196.
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Jauhiainen, S. 1998: Seed and spore banks of two boreal mires. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 197–201.
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Saarinen, T. 1998: Demography of Carex rostrata in a boreal mesotrophic fen: shoot dynamics and biomass development. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 203–209.
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Esseen, P.-A. & Renhorn, K.-E. 1998: Mass loss of epiphytic lichen litter in a boreal forest. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 211–217.
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Palinska, K. A. & Krumbein, W. E. 1998: Patterns of growth in coccoid, aggregate forming cyanobacteria. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 219–227.
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Zhu, R.-L. & So, M. L. 1998: Notes on the taxonomy and distribution of Cololejeunea platyneura (Hepaticae, Lejeuneaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 229–232.
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Garcia-Jacas, N. 1998: Centaurea kunkelii (Asteraceae, Cardueae), a new hybridogenic endecaploid species of sect. Acrocentron from Spain. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 159–167.
Centaurea kunkelii Garcia-Jacas, a new species from Andalusia, Spain, is described, akin to the Iberian complex of Centaurea ornata Willd. (sect. Acrocentron (Cass.) DC.). The new species is an endecaploid with 2n = 110, the highest ploidy level hitherto known in the genus Centaurea L. On the basis of morphological evidence (especially some features of the cypselas) and polyploidy, the hybrid origin of C. kunkelii between species of sections Acrocentron and Chamaecyanus is hypothesized.
Kukkonen, I. 1998: A nomenclatural correction to Flora Iranica: Cyperaceae. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 169–170.
The name Cyperus corymbosus (L.) Rottb. as used by Kukkonen in Rechinger (ed.), Flora Iranica (Cyperaceae) 173: 95 (1998) is corrected to C. corymbosus Rottb.
García, M. A. 1998: Cuscuta rausii (Convolvulaceae), a new species from Greece. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 171–174.
Cuscuta rausii M. A. García, a new species of Cuscuta L. subgenus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) from the southern Aegean island of Karpathos is described and illustrated. A key is proposed to distinguish it from the other species of the subgenus with pedicellate flowers in the Mediterranean area.
Sonck, C. E. 1998: Six new species of Taraxacum from France. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 175–182.
The paper describes six new species of Taraxacum L. from Hautes Alpes, Basses-Pyrénées, Aveyron and Lozère, viz. T. artificis Sonck, T. clavatifrons Sonck, T. conturbatum Sonck, T. pseudoporrigens Sonck, T. radens Sonck, and T. turbidum Sonck.
Chung, M. G. & Noguchi, J. 1998: Geographic spatial autocorrelation of morphological characters of the Hemerocallis middendorffii complex (Liliaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 183–189.
A spatial autocorrelation analysis of 11 quantitative characters among 31 populations of the Hemerocallis middendorffii complex (Liliaceae) in Japan and Korea was conducted to better understand their patterns of geographic variation. There are two types of relationships between the mean values of the characters measured and their spatial autocorrelations: (1) significant heterogeneity of means with significant autocorrelation (length of inflorescence [LIF], length of perianth tube enclosing ovary [LPO], length of inner [LIP] and outer [LOP] perianth), and (2) significant heterogeneity of means with weak autocorrelation (width of inner and outer perianth and mostly vegetative characters). LIF displays a clear geographical (altitudinal, longitudinal, and latitudinal) cline, indicating that shorter inflorescences are generally located in northern, alpine and subalpine populations. In addition, LPO, LIP, and LOP show clear altitudinal and longitudinal variation. Floral tube and perianth length in the eastern and lowland populations are generally shorter and smaller than those in alpine, subalpine and western populations. The paleoclimatic history during the Quaternary period and diverse ecological conditions (e.g., altitudinal, longitudinal, and latitudinal differences) in the Japanese archipelago probably operated in shaping the patterns of local differentiations now recognized in the H. middendorffii complex.
Jalonen, J., Vanha-Majamaa, I. & Tonteri, T. 1998: Optimal sample and plot size for inventory of field and ground layer vegetation in a mature Myrtillus-type boreal spruce forest. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 191–196.
Field and ground layer vegetation in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) forest of Myrtillus-type in Kuorevesi, southern Finland, was sampled on 31 plots of sizes 0.5, 1 and 2 m2 to find optimal balance among sampling effort, number of observed species, and accuracy of mean species-cover estimates. Rarefaction and bootstrapping were used in the data analysis. According to the results, the addition of species is slow yet continuous after the first few plots. The expected number of species in samples taken with the different plot sizes decreases in the following order: 2 > 1 > 0.5 m2. Results implied that plant species have different optimum plot sizes with respect to the accuracy of the mean cover estimates. However, representative registering of species present needs a larger sample and plot size than a relatively accurate estimation of the mean cover of the individual species. Consequently, representative registering of species sets the minimum limits for the number and size of the sample plots.
Jauhiainen, S. 1998: Seed and spore banks of two boreal mires. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 197–201.
The importance of the seed bank as a regenerative strategy in disturbed mires and the viability of seeds and spores in peat stratigraphy on two drained mires were studied prior to restoration. Most of the seedlings developed from the surface sample but still viable seeds occurred in the deepest layer sampled (50 cm). Germination from seeds, however, remained low. Six species of vascular plants: Betula pubescens Ehrh., Eriophorum vaginatum L., Rubus chamaemorus L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., V. uliginosum L., and Andromeda polifolia L. with a maximum of 367 seedlings per m2 germinated. The regenerative strategy of these plants seems to be vegetative expansion from adventitious roots and buried propagules rather than germination from seeds. It was found, however, that some seeds in the peat profile may preserve their viability for centuries.
Saarinen, T. 1998: Demography of Carex rostrata in a boreal mesotrophic fen: shoot dynamics and biomass development. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 203–209.
A demographic study of Carex rostrata Stokes was carried out in a boreal mesotrophic fen between spring 1993 and spring 1995. Mean minimum shoot densities measured in spring were 270–366 shoots m2 during the study, and mean maximum shoot densities between 440–466 shoots m–2. New shoots emerged throughout the growing seasons, but highest rates of mortality were measured in late autumn–winter. Mean maximum shoot biomass was 166–195 g dw m–2 and mean shoot production 163–186 g dw m–2 yr–1. The annual turnover rate of shoots was 0.50–0.53 yr–1, resulting in an average shoot lifespan of 1.9 years. The turnover of shoots did not correlate with the density of shoots. The possible mechanisms controlling the shoot density are discussed with reference to climate change and accumulation of carbon in fen ecosystems.
Esseen, P.-A. & Renhorn, K.-E. 1998: Mass loss of epiphytic lichen litter in a boreal forest. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 211–217.
We measured the persistence of fallen epiphytic macrolichen litter as a part of developing a method for estimating epiphyte abundance from biomass of lichen litter. Annual mass loss in two pendulous, fruticose (alectorioid) lichens and three foliose lichens was determined with litterbags in an old Picea abies forest in north-eastern Sweden. Disturbance by animals caused high mass loss in alectorioid lichens during winter. Alectorioid lichens lost weight significantly faster than foliose species. In both Alectoria sarmentosa and Bryoria fuscescens, 17% of the original mass remained after one year (intact samples) compared to 39% in Lobaria pulmonaria, 44% in Hypogymnia physodes and 58% in Platismatia glauca. Half lives of epiphyte litter ranged from four months in Alectoria and Bryoria to 14 months in P. glauca. It is concluded that both growth form and extent of animal disturbance strongly influence the persistence of epiphyte lichen litter on the ground.
Palinska, K. A. & Krumbein, W. E. 1998: Patterns of growth in coccoid, aggregate forming cyanobacteria. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 219–227.
Several Merismopedia-like forms were observed and collected from the microbial mats at Mellum and Norderney Islands. The formation of giant cells and giant cell aggregates in otherwise smaller Merismopedia cultures was often observed in all cultures. In the course of this study it was possible to show, that accelerated and delayed division occurs in Chroococcales not unlike the multiple fission pattern in Pleurocapsales. On the basis of the existence of the terms baeocyte and nanocyte for cell size decrease in one clone and our observation of delayed division in Merismopedia isolates we suggest the following terms: (1) baeocyte for rapid, multiple fission resulting in very small individual cells (motile and non-motile), (2) nanocyte for accelerated division resulting in considerably smaller cell sizes, and (3) megacyte for considerably enlarged cell sizes upon delayed division. Nanocyte formation and megacyte formation when occurring under stable environmental conditions may actually have been and still be misinterpreted as separate species in field samples and herbarium materials.
Zhu, R.-L. & So, M. L. 1998: Notes on the taxonomy and distribution of Cololejeunea platyneura (Hepaticae, Lejeuneaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 229–232.
Cololejeunea astyla Mizut., previously known only from North Borneo, is proposed as a synonym of C. platyneura (Spruce) A. Evans, which was known from Africa, South America and Vietnam and is here reported for the first time for China (Yunnan). The taxonomy of C. platyneura and related species is discussed and a distribution map of it is provided.